Answer to Question 1
Agriculture as a Divine GiftAlthough there are many descriptions on the origin of
agriculture based on classical mythologies from a variety of civilizations, the same
general theme is clearly that agriculture was a divine gift.
Agriculture as a DiscoveryThere are a number of theories on how agriculture was
discovered; the ones proposed by Sauer (1952) and Anderson (1954) are the most widely
accepted.
Agriculture as a Result of StressThere is now a considerable amount of support
for the theory proposed by Cohen (1977), which suggests that the increased stress
caused by an increase in population and depleted resources led to the adoption of
agriculture as a means of procuring food.
Agriculture as an Extension of GatheringIn primitive societies based on
hunting/gathering, people had the knowledge to develop agriculture but elected not to.
Basically, hunter/gathers did not farm because food in the wild was plentiful.
Agriculture as a Result of No Specific ModelAll existing models proposed thus far
have been refuted in one way or another. The no-specific-model concept allows for a
wide array of possibilities in which agriculture was developed. Basically, this theory
recognizes that the human civilization is very different in all parts of the world and
no single model can explain the origin of agriculture (Harlan, 1992).
Answer to Question 2
The production of plants and animals to meet basic human needs.
Example of the Tabular List and instructional notes (conventions).
Explanation of endocrine versus exocrine.
Possible origin of a reciprocal translocation
Major Minerals List
Time Line for Life’s Origin and Evolution
Origin of replication sequence in E. coli