Author Question: The nurse teaches the teenager and parents that the signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) include ... (Read 54 times)

Evvie72 · **on:** Jul 22, 2018

The nurse teaches the teenager and parents that the signs of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)

1. Tachycardia
2. Abdominal pain
3. Fruity breath odor
4. Change in mental status
5. Rapid, shallow respirations

Question 2

The client with newly diagnosed breast cancer asks the nurse why she needs to have a lymph node biopsy done when the diagnosis has been made. The nurse's response is based on which of the following?

1. A lymph node biopsy is necessary to determine what type of cancer cells are present.
2. A lymph node biopsy is performed on all clients with breast cancer.
3. A lymph node biopsy is performed to determine if the cancer has metasticized.
4. A lymph node biopsy is needed to determine what type of chemotherapy is needed.

orangecrush · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 22, 2018

Answer to Question 1

2. Abdominal pain
3. Fruity breath odor
4. Change in mental status

Rationale:
Abdominal pain is commonly seen with DKA. A fruity breath odor is common when the client is in a state of ketoacidosis. A change in mental state can be associated with DKA. Tachycardia is not a typical symptom of DKA. Respirations are rapid, but deep (Kussmaul's breathing) in DKA.

Answer to Question 2

3. A lymph node biopsy is performed to determine if the cancer has metasticized.

Rationale:
The lymph node biopsy is performed to assess metastasis from the primary site, and a common metastatic site for breast cancer is regional lymph nodes. The type of cancer cells are assessed with the biopsy of the primary site. Not all breast cancer clients are scheduled for lymph biopsy. Chemotherapy is based on the type of cells found in the site biopsy.