Not all of the members of everyday categories have the same features. Most fish have gills, fins, and scales. Sharks lack the feature of scales, yet they are still categorized as fish. This poses a problem for the approach to categorization.
a. prototype
b. exemplar
c. definitional
d. family resemblance
Question 2
Which of the following statements is NOT cited in your text as a reason why categories are useful?
a. Categories provide definitions of groups of related objects.
b. Categories help us understand behaviors that we might otherwise find baffling.
c. Categories serve as a valuable tool for making inferences about things that belong to other categories.
d. Categories have been called pointers to knowledge because once you know an object's category, you know a lot of general things about it.
Brain scans showing the white-matter pathways involved in everyday learning:
A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium, seen swimming among schools of other fish
Categories of Cutaneous Receptors
Igneous Features
Smiling fish
Stomias deep-sea bioluminescent fish