Answer to Question 1
A
An exogenous infection comes from microorganisms found outside the individual, such as Sal-monella, Clostridium tetani, and Aspergillus. They do not exist as normal flora. An endogenous infection occurs when part of the patient's flora becomes altered and overgrowth results (e.g., staphylococci, enterococci, yeasts, streptococci). This often happens when a patient receives broad-spectrum antibiotics that alter normal flora. When sufficient numbers of microorganisms normally found in one body site move to another site, an endogenous infection develops. A community-acquired infection is one that was present at the time of admission to a health care setting. The term asepsis means the absence of disease-producing microorganisms.
Answer to Question 2
A
The World Health Organization defines health as a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or infirmary. People without disease are not nec-essarily healthy. Vital signs within normal range and maintenance of a normal weight do not en-compass the holistic definition of health.
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The Lederberg–Zinder experiment using Salmonella