Answer to Question 1
A
Poor nutrition, specifically severe protein deficiency, causes soft tissue to become susceptible to breakdown. Low protein levels cause edema or swelling, which contributes to problems with the transportation of oxygen and nutrients. A hospitalized adult with a score of 16 or below and an older adult at 18 or below are at risk for pressure ulcer development; a score of 22 does not place the patient at risk. A patient with decreased mobility, inadequate nutrition, excessive skin moisture, decreased sensory perception, or decreased activity is at risk for pressure ulcer development. Repositioning a patient every 2 hours will help prevent pressure ulcers. Activity as tolerated will help prevent pressure ulcers.
Answer to Question 2
D
Medications are available in a variety of forms or preparations. The form of the medication determines its route of administration. Manufacturers make many medications in several forms, such as tablets, capsules, elixirs, and suppositories. Suppositories are solid dosage form mixed with gelatin and shaped in the form of a pellet for insertion into a body cavity (rectum or vagina). A suppository melts when it reaches body temperature, allowing the medication to be absorbed. A tablet is a powdered medication compressed into a hard disk or cylinder and designed to be taken orally. An elixir is a clear fluid containing water and alcohol; designed for oral use; usually sweetener has been added. A capsule is medication encased in a gelatin shell and taken orally.
Stained section of cerebral cortex from autopsy of a patient with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Patient with osteoarthritis
Medical assistants can quickly pull up a patient record when a phone call is received.
Preparing the Patient’s Skin for Surgical Procedures
EMS personnel respond to emergencies and transport patients to the hospital.
Common patient positions.