Answer to Question 1
B
This is an example of a community program because it is for people in the county. Healthy People 2020 includes 600 objectives written in 42 topic areas to provide direction for health care efforts on an individual, community, and national level. National level would be directed at the entire United States. Individual would focus on one person. Family would focus on families.
Answer to Question 2
C
Erik Erikson divided life into eight stages, known as Erikson's eight stages of development. According to this theory, individuals need to accomplish a particular task before successfully completing each stage. Each task is framed with opposing conflicts, such as trust versus mistrust. Each stage builds upon the successful attainment of the previous developmental conflict. Freud's psychoanalytic model of personality development is grounded in the belief that two internal biological forces drive the psychological change in a child: sexual (libido) and instinctive forces. Each of the five stages is associated with a pleasurable zone, serving as the focus of gratification. Jean Piaget (1896-1980) developed the theory of cognitive development, which describes children's intellectual organization and how they think, reason, and perceive the world. The theory includes four periods: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations and formal operations. Lawrence Kohlberg (1927-1987) expanded on Piaget's work. According to Kohlberg (1964), moral development is one component of psychosocial development. It involves the reasons an individual makes a decision about right and wrong behaviors within a culture.
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