Answer to Question 1
D
Use of the intellectual standard of critical thinking implies that the nurse is applying standards such as thoroughness, preciseness, accuracy, and consistency to ensure that all clinical decisions are sound.
Reflecting on one's own behaviour is an example of evaluation.
Examining meanings and relationships in data is an example of inference.
Accepting that multiple solutions are possible is an example of maturity.
Answer to Question 2
C
Spinal anesthetics may cause urinary retention due to the inability to sense or carry out the need to void. The patient is more likely to retain urine, rather than experience uncontrollable voiding. With spinal anesthesia, the patient will not be able to ambulate during the procedure. A full bladder has no impact on the pulse rate of the mother.