Author Question: Which of the following is characteristic of the cognitive changes in a preschooler? a. The ... (Read 29 times)

lracut11 · **on:** Jul 22, 2018

Which of the following is characteristic of the cognitive changes in a preschooler?

a. The ability to think in a logical manner about the here and now
b. The ability to think abstractly and deal effectively with hypothetical problems
c. The inability to assume the view of another person and to use symbols to represent others
d. The ability to classify objects by size or color

Question 2

A nurse is assisting a patient with ambulation. The patient becomes short of breath and begins to complain of sharp chest pain. Which action by the nurse is the first priority?

a. Call for the emergency response team to bring the defibrillator.
b. Have the patient sit down in the nearest chair.
c. Return the patient to the room and apply 100 oxygen.
d. Ask a coworker to get the ECG machine STAT.

maya.nigrin17@yahoo.com · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 22, 2018

Answer to Question 1

D
Preschoolers demonstrate their ability to think more complexly by classifying objects according to size or color. Cognitive changes that provide the ability to think in a logical manner about the here and now and to understand the relationships between things and ideas occur during the school-aged years. It is during the teenaged years when the individual thinks abstractly and deals effectively with hypothetical problems. The toddler is unable to assume the view of another. Toddlers also use symbols to represent objects, places, and persons.

Answer to Question 2

B
The patient is experiencing cardiac distress for reasons unknown. The nurse should first secure the safety of the patient and decrease the workload on the patient's heart by putting him in a resting position; this will increase cardiac output by decreasing after load. Once the patient is stable, the nurse can obtain oxygen to put on the patient. Next, the nurse can begin to monitor the patient's oxygen and cardiac status. If necessary, the emergency team may be activated to defibrillate.