Answer to Question 1
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: A contractual relationship is not a doctrine; it is what the nurse and hospital, for example, enter into when the hospital hires the nurse as an employee.
Rationale 2: To stand by things decided, or stare decisis, is the same thing as following precedent, or applying the same rules to a situation as were applied in similar situations.
Rationale 3: Let the master answer, or respondeat superior, means that the master (in this case the hospital/employer) assumes responsibility for the conduct of the servant (the nurse) and can be held responsible for the nurse's failure to act in a competent way.
Rationale 4: The thing speaks for itself, or res ipsa loquitur, is a doctrine in cases where harm occurs but cannot be traced to a specific health care provider or standard.
Answer to Question 2
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: All states require that all schools of nursing in the state are approved/accredited by the state board of nursing.
Rationale 2: Some but not all states require that programs be both state approved and accredited by a national accrediting agency such as NLNAC.
Rationale 3: Some but not all states require that programs be both state approved and accredited by a national accrediting agency such as CCNE.
Rationale 4: Voluntary accreditation is not required by all states and is a means of informing the public and prospective students that the nursing program has met certain criteria. The ANA (American Nurses Association) is nursing's professional organization.