A client has severe atherosclerosis and hypertension. Which ...

[skymedlock]

A client has severe atherosclerosis and hypertension. Which statement about cardiac output will be true?
 
  1. Afterload will be low.
  2. Cardiac output will be unaffected.
  3. Cardiac output will be low.
  4. Preload will be high.

Question 2

The nurse asks a group of nursing students to name examples of positive inotropic agents. The nurse knows the students understand this concept when they name which agents?
 
  Standard Text: Select all that apply.
  1. Epinephrine
  2. Norepinephrine
  3. Dopamine
  4. Quinidine
  5. Propranolol

[dudman123]

Answer to Question 1

Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Afterload likely will be high. Severe atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of the artery, which increases the resistance against the left ventricle.
Rationale 2: Cardiac output likely will be affected due to high afterload.
Rationale 3: Cardiac output likely will be low in the face of elevated afterload.
Rationale 4: Preload is determined mainly by venous return, and should be unaffected.
Global Rationale: Cardiac output likely will be low in the face of elevated afterload. Afterload likely will be high. Severe atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of the artery, which increases the resistance against the left ventricle. Cardiac output likely will be affected due to high afterload. Preload is determined mainly by venous return, and should be unaffected.

Answer to Question 2

Correct Answer: 1,2,3
Rationale 1: Epinephrine is an example of a positive inotropic agent.
Rationale 2: Norepinephrine is an example of a positive inotropic agent.
Rationale 3: Dopamine is an example of a positive inotropic agent.
Rationale 4: Quinidine is an example of a negative inotropic agent.
Rationale 5: Propranolol is an example of a negative inotropic agent.
Global Rationale: Epinephrine, norepinehprine, and dopamine are examples of a positive inotropic agent. Quinidine and propranolol are examples of a negative inotropic agent.

[skymedlock]

Excellent

[ultraflyy23]

TYSM