Answer to Question 1
ANS: A
Oral drugs must undergo a first-pass effect, and those drugs are subject to the acid in the gut, which may affect bioavailability.
Subcutaneous, intramuscular, and intravenous medications are not subject to the first-pass effect or the acidity of the gut, therefore bioavailability is least likely to be affected by these routes.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: D
The intensity of an allergic reaction is determined primarily by the degree of sensitization of the immune system, not by drug dosage.
The intensity of an allergic reaction is largely independent of dosage. The dose of the drug is not necessarily related to whether the patient experiences an allergic reaction.
The body surface area is used to determine dose and is not a primary determinant of an allergic reaction.
The patient's degree of compliance is not relevant to the development of an allergic reaction.
The nurse needs to note the source of the patient health history
Mechanical ventilation. The photograph shows a patient receiving breathing assistance by the use of
Intradermal drug administration: (b) the administration site is prepped Source: Pearson Education/PH
ROM exercises on a patient’s wrist: extension.
Assisting a falling patient.
A pacemaker in a patient’s chest.