Which health care worker is the most appropriate person to ...

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Which health care worker is the most appropriate person to administer intravenous (IV) chemotherapy?
 
  a. Licensed practical/vocational nurse who has worked on an oncology unit for 10 years
  b. Registered nurse who has completed menopause 5 years ago and can no longer get pregnant
  c. Registered nurse who has completed an approved chemotherapy course
  d. Pharmacist with 5 years experience in mixing chemotherapy

Question 2

How does oncogene activation cause normal cells to transform into cancer cells?
 
  a. By inhibiting the ability of suppressor gene products to regulate apoptosis
  b. By increasing the amount of cyclins present so that cells keep entering the cell cycle and dividing
  c. By preventing the immune system from recognizing and eliminating cells that are no longer totally normal
  d. By reducing the amount of glucose and other nutrients that reach normal cells, resulting in the starvation and death of normal cells

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Answer to Question 1

C
Safe administration of IV chemotherapy drugs requires special education and competency ac-cording to the standard of care designated by the Oncology Nursing Society (ONS) and sup-ported by the American Society of Clinical Oncologists (ASCO). This does not mean that only an advanced practice nurse can perform this function; however, it does mean that the individual must be a registered nurse who has completed an approved chemotherapy course. LPNs/LVNs are not certified for IV chemotherapy. Although pharmacists may mix chemotherapy drugs, they are not approved to administer them.

Answer to Question 2

B
Oncogene activation is the main mechanism of carcinogenesis regardless of the specific cause. These genes, when activated, produce proteins (cyclins) that promote cell division. This excessive cell growth causes cells to change from normal cells to cancer cells.

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