How does the drug diltiazem (Cardizem) lower blood pressure? ...

[rlane42]

How does the drug diltiazem (Cardizem) lower blood pressure?
 
  a. Prevents angiotensin from binding to its receptors
  b. Blocks nerve stimulation of blood vessels
  c. Increases water and sodium loss
  d. Widens small arteries

Question 2

A patient has been prescribed losartan (Cozaar). Which substance, drug, or activity does the nurse teach the patient to avoid?
 
  a. Oral contraceptives
  b. Salt substitutes
  c. Caffeine
  d. Running

[mtmmmmmk]

Answer to Question 1

D
Constricted blood vessels increase peripheral resistance and raise blood pressure. Calcium channel blockers work in several ways to lower blood pressure. The main way is by preventing calcium from entering smooth muscle cells in blood vessels, especially small arteries. With less calcium entering these smooth muscle cells, they are more relaxed, dilating (widening) the blood vessels.

Answer to Question 2

B
Salt substitutes are mostly composed of potassium. Losartan is an angiotensin receptor blocker, and this class of drugs causes the kidneys to retain potassium. Taking in more potassium along with this drug could lead to high blood potassium levels (hyperkalemia), which has severe effects on heart contractility.

[rlane42]

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[mtmmmmmk]

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