A nurse caring for a patient suspected of frequently abusing MDMA ...

[Jkov05]

A nurse caring for a patient suspected of frequently abusing MDMA (Ecstasy) suspects that the patient is experiencing toxic symptoms. Which clinical findings would confirm the nurse's suspicions?
 
  a. Temperature of 106.2 F, sodium level of 120 mg/dL, muscle aches
  b. Hypertensive crisis, hyperthermia, seizures
  c. Anxiety and fear of disintegration of the self, panic
  d. Decreased respirations, hallucinations, combativeness, and psychosis

Question 2

A nurse is caring for a patient in the hospital who is a know drug abuser.
 
  Friends have been visiting all morning, and in the evening the patient begins hallucinating and becomes extremely paranoid, appearing to have paranoid schizophrenia. The nurse should suspect which of the following conditions?
  a. Amphetamine withdrawal
  b. High doses of amphetamines
  c. Withdrawal from opioids
  d. High doses of opioids

[nyrave]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
MDMA can cause hyperthermia in association with dehydration, hyponatremia, and rhabdomyolysis.
Hypertensive crisis, hyperthermia, and seizures are consistent with LSD overdose.
Anxiety, fear of disintegration of the self, and panic describe LSD toxicity.
Decreased respirations, hallucinations, combativeness, and psychosis describe PCP toxicity.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Amphetamines can produce a psychotic state, characterized by hallucinations and paranoid ideation, that closely resembles paranoid schizophrenia. Amphetamine-induced psychosis usually resolves spontaneously after drug withdrawal.
Amphetamine withdrawal can produce dysphoria and a strong sense of craving, fatigue, prolonged sleep, excessive eating, and depression.
Withdrawal from opiates may manifest as a psychologic need or physical withdrawal, which this patient is not manifesting.
There is no clinical evidence of a high dose of opioids.

[Jkov05]

TYSM

[6ana001]

Excellent