Answer to Question 1
A
Feedback:
Heparin is approved for pediatric use. If heparin is used, the dosage should be carefully calculated based on weight and age. It should be verified by another person before the drug is administered. Dabigatran and rivaroxaban are not approved for use in children. The safety of low-molecular-weight heparins has not been established in children.
Answer to Question 2
D
Feedback:
The hindbrain, which runs from the top of the spinal cord into the midbrain, is the most primitive area of the brain and contains the brainstem, where the pons and medulla oblongata are located. This area of the brain controls basic vital functions such as the respiratory centers, which control breathing; the cardiovascular centers, which regulate blood pressure; the chemoreceptor trigger zone and emetic zone, which control vomiting; the swallowing center, which coordinates the complex swallowing reflex; and the reticular activating system (RAS), which controls arousal and awareness of stimuli and contains the sleep center. The midbrain contains the thalamus and hypothalamus and the limbic system that transfer sensations into the cerebrum and control temperature. The pituitary gland is known as the master gland, controlling other glands with hormones secreted here.
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