Answer to Question 1
B
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The patient with a cholinergic crisis presents with progressive muscle weakness and respiratory difficulty because the accumulation of acetylcholine at the cholinergic receptor site leads to reduced impulse transmission and muscle weakness. This is a crisis when the respiratory muscles are involved. Myasthenic crisis and cholinergic crisis display similar clinical pictures. The drug edrophonium can be used as a diagnostic agent to distinguish the two conditions. If the patient improves immediately after the edrophonium injection, the problem is a myasthenic crisis, which is improved by administration of the cholinergic drug. If the patient gets worse, the problem is probably a cholinergic crisis, so withdrawal of the patient's cholinergic drug along with intense medical support is indicated. The situation does not depict an anaphylactic reaction or pulmonary edema.
Answer to Question 2
B, D
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Haloperidol is classified as a typical antipsychotic with a high risk of extrapyramidal effects and lower risk for hypotension and sedation. Older patients may be more susceptible to the adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs. All dosages need to be reduced and patients monitored very closely for toxic effects and to provide safety measures if central nervous system effects do occur. They should not be used to control behavior with dementia. Haloperidol does not have a hyperactive effect on patients; it should not be given on an every-other-day schedule.
Muskox populations remain in the Arctic all year, though they migrate to higher elevations in the wi
B, The nurse teaches the postoperative client to use an incentive spirometer to expand the lungs.
Patient teaching: nail assessment
The patient's signature on the informed consent form indicates that the patient understands the
Patient registration form.
An example of a medical history sheet to list patient problems.