Suppose you were to read about a study showing that people who sleep less than five hours a night have twice as much risk of a premature death as people who sleep seven or eight hours a night.The baseline risk in this context is
a. the risk of premature death for people who sleep less than five hours a night.
b. the risk of premature death for people who sleep seven or eight hours a night.
c. the risk of premature death for all people.
d. the risk of premature death at the beginning of the study for those in the study.
Question 2
Suppose you were to read about a study showing that people who sleep less than five hours a night have twice as much risk of a premature death as people who sleep seven or eight hours a night.Can you conclude that sleeping the shorter hours causes a higher risk of premature death?
a. No, because the result was clearly based on an observational study.
b. Yes, because the result was clearly based on a randomized experiment.
c. The answer depends on whether the research was based on an observational study or a randomized experiment, and it isn't obvious which was used.
d. No, because the baseline risk of premature death is not given.
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