Answer to Question 1
The Council on Environmental Quality was formed to advise and provide studies to the president of the United States on environmental matters and to produce the Environmental Quality Report that is required each year as per the National Environmental Policy Act.
Answer to Question 2
The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 set the requirement for all federal projects, federally funded projects, and every proposed legislative act that affects the environment to include an Environmental Impact Statement; therefore, when engineers are designing projects they might be involved in helping to write or interpret Environmental Impact Statements if they are working on federal, or federally funded, projects.