Answer to Question 1
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provide the following clarifications concerning how AIDS is not transmitted:
AIDS is a blood-borne, primarily sexually transmitted disease. It is not spread by casual social contact in schools, workplaces, public washrooms, or restaurants. It is not spread via handshakes, social kissing, coughs, sneezes, drinking fountains, swimming pools, toilet facilities, eating utensils, office equipment, or by being next to an infected person. No cases of AIDS have been reported from food being either handled or served by an infected person in an eating establishment.
AIDS is not spread by giving blood. New needles and transfusion equipment are used for every donor.
AIDS is not spread by mosquitoes or other insects.
AIDS is not spread by sexual contact between uninfected individuals--whether homosexual or heterosexual--if an exclusive sexual relationship has been maintained.
Answer to Question 2
The following groups of people are at the highest level of risk with regard to AIDS: (1) homosexuals who do not take appropriate precautions, (2) IV drug users who share needles; (3) people with a history of multiple blood transfusions or blood-product transfusions, such as hemophiliacs; and (4) sexually promiscuous people who do not take appropriate precautions.
The HIV/AIDS pandemic
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