Suppose your friend Ellen has lost the back to her earring. She looks around her room, picks up a pencil, removes the eraser, and uses the eraser as a substitute for the missing part. According to the chapter on problem solving, Ellen
a. has solved an ill-defined problem.
b. is too heavily guided by mental set.
c. has focused on the initial state.
d. has overcome functional fixedness.
Question 2
One way that functional fixedness and mental set are similar to each other is that
a. Both emphasize our reliance on bottom-up processing.
b. Both show that we rely too heavily on a strategy that is typically useful.
c. Both show that we tend to emphasize the positive, rather than the negative.
d. Both emphasize our inability to use situated learning effectively.
Atlatl mammoth ivory "creeping hyena", found in La Madeleine rock shelter, dated back to c
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