Answer to Question 1
Students should explain how teachers communicate their expectations for learning, and how teachers and students can monitor that learning. Scaffolding should be described, including both the idea of a communication safety net and the idea that students and teachers model appropriate communication.
Answer to Question 2
Students should give a definition of a language impairment, which could include difficulties in sound detection, syntactic-expression confusion, and semantic access. Elaboration of each aspect of language (such as pragmatics, syntax) fits here.
Performance in school is affected when the language process is disrupted to the point that communication (understanding or expressing language) is difficult. Impact of lack of understanding and/or an inability to express oneself on the academic and social demands of school should be mentioned.