Answer to Question 1
The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) enforces the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, passed in 1938 . This act ensures the safety of all food products except meat, poultry, and fish. The food must be pure and wholesome, safe to eat, produced under sanitary conditions, and packaged and labeled truthfully. The FDA also oversees the standards of identity, quality, and fill of container. The Food Additives and Color Additives Amendments fall under the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. These amendments safeguard the consumer against adulteration and misbranding by placing the burden of proof for food safety on the manufacturer. FDA shares responsibility with the Federal Trade Commission and the United States Department of Agriculture in enforcing fair packaging and labeling.
Answer to Question 2
The Aborigines lived in a harsh environment with limited food resources; the Maoris lived where weather and terrain were favorable for growing food, and the sea also was a convenient source of food.
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