Answer to Question 1
PG's surgery is minor and will have little effect on his caloric needs. According to the RDAs, the caloric requirement for a healthy baby PG's age is 1300 kcals. According to an article reported by Seashore and modified in Pediatric Nutrition in Chronic Diseases and Developmental Disorders, the basal requirement for an infant PG's age and weight is 1093 kcals. To add to the basal the calories for healing, activity, and growth would significantly increase his requirement. However, considering PG's size and the length of time he has been malnourished, PG's metabolism probably would not be able to utilize much more than 1300 kcals. This would be a good case for a metabolic cart to determine exactly how many calories he is burning. Add 20 to 30 to that for growth. I would monitor the tolerance of his feedings closely along with weight and prealbumin. I would increase his intake as tolerated until he catches up to normal.
Answer to Question 2
According to the RDAs, a 1 - 3 year old requires about 1300 kcals and 16 g of protein.
Some peritoneal surgery is done laproscopically.
Some peritoneal surgery is done laproscopically.
Arthroscopic surgery.
Laser for prostate surgery.
Subsections within the surgery section.
Stereotaxic surgery: implanting an electrode in the rat amygdala.