Author Question: One of the most stressful physical traumas is a. a fracture in a long bone. b. a low-grade fever ... (Read 40 times)

cabate · **on:** Aug 2, 2018

One of the most stressful physical traumas is

a. a fracture in a long bone.
b. a low-grade fever (<100 F).
c. minor surgery requiring a general anes-thetic.
d. a burn that covers >40 of body surface area.

Question 2

During episodes of physiologic stress, the body requires additional energy to restore homeostasis and hemodynamic stability. As a result, fat stores are mobilized and skeletal muscle tissue and proteins are catabolized.

The term that describes this process is: 1. Hyperglycemia.
2. Hyperlipidemia.
3. Hyperkalemia.
4. Hyper metabolism.

Sammyo · **Reply #1 on:** Aug 2, 2018

Answer to Question 1

D
Burns that cover >40 of body surface area increase metabolic rate more than fractures, low-grade fevers, and minor surgery. Long bone fractures increase metabolic rate 10 to 30, fever increases metabolic rate 2 for every degree above normal, surgery increases metabolic rate up to 20, and burns increase metabolic rate 85 to 105.

Answer to Question 2

4
Rationale: The body's defense against physiologic stress is the fight or flight response, which initiates a cascade of physiologic reactions requiring additional energy. To provide this energy, the body uses glucose generated from glycogen stores in liver and muscle, and if needed, catabolizes skeletal muscle proteins and fat stores. This process is known as hypermetabolism. Hyperglycemia may occur during this process and is the result of increased glucose with insulin resistance limiting the uptake into the liver and peripheral cells. Hyperlipidemia refers to elevations in cholesterol and triglycerides are not related to the fight or flight process. Hyperkalemia refers to elevated potassium levels.