Determining nitrogen balance in the clinical setting can be very ...

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Determining nitrogen balance in the clinical setting can be very valuable. To determine a client's state of nitrogen balance, a 24-hour urinary urea nitrogen collection is done. What do you also need to do?
 
  A) Calculate the client's total calorie intake for that same day.
  B) Add a coefficient of 4 to that number to account for nitrogen lost in feces, hair, nails, and skin.
  C) Collect a 24-hour stool specimen on that same day to determine fecal nitrogen losses.
  D) Be sure that client takes nothing by mouth on the day of the urine collection.

Question 2

The client has prepared some menus based on a 2000-calorie DASH diet. Which of the following dishes show the client understands the diet? Select all that apply.
 
  A) 1 chicken leg
  B) 1 medium-sized apple
  C) 1/2 cup of tomato juice
  D) 1 cup of vanilla fat-free ice cream
  E) 3 tablespoons of peanut butter crackers

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Answer to Question 1

B
Feedback:
In the clinical setting, nitrogen balance is determined by comparing nitrogen intake with nitrogen excretion over a 24-hour period. To calculate nitrogen intake, protein intake is measure for a 24-hour period. The total amount of protein consumed (in grams) is then divided by 6.25 because protein is 16 nitrogen by weight. The result is the grams of nitrogen consumed per 24 hours. Nitrogen excretion is ascertained by having a 24-hour urine sample analyzed for the amount (grams) of urinary urea nitrogen it contains. A coefficient of 4 is added to this number to account for the estimated daily nitrogen loss in feces, hair, nails, and skin. Finally, the amount of nitrogen consumed is compared with the total amount of nitrogen excreted to reveal a positive, negative, or neutral nitrogen balance. The other answers are not part of determining the nitrogen balance of the body.

Answer to Question 2

B, C
Feedback:
One medium-sized fruit and 1/2 cup of vegetable juice are correct servings sizes on the DASH diet. It is recommended that skinless chicken breast, 1/2 cup of ice cream, and 2 tablespoons of peanut butter be used as a serving size.

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