Which of the following is NOT a question to ask when trying to decide whether a situation represents positive or negative reinforcement?
a. what is the behavior?
b. did the stimulus appear to be pleasant?
c. was the stimulus added or removed?
d. was the behavior more likely to occur?
Question 2
Presenting the SD, decreasing response effort, and presenting an establishing operation are ways to:
a. make a behavior less likely
b. make a behavior more likely
c. both of these
d. none of these