When a token economy was instituted in a psychiatric hospital: ...

[Mr.Thesaxman]

When a token economy was instituted in a psychiatric hospital:
 
  a. there was a dramatic increase in appropriate patient behaviors.
  b. patient behavior improved but only when staff was watching.
  c. initial patient improvements were quickly lost when the novelty wore off.
  d. there was no improvement until real money was substituted for the tokens.

Question 2

Skinner suggests all of the following techniques in order to control the external variable that determines our behavior through self-control except:
 
  a. self-administered satiation.
  b. aversive stimulation.
  c. physical punishment.
  d. stimulus avoidance.

[cegalasso]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
FEEDBACK: A ward of female psychotic patients in a state mental institution was treated as a giant Skinner box. They had been institutionalized for a long time and were unable to care for themselves. In this setting of utter hopelessness, the patients were offered opportunities to work at jobs, for which they would receive tokens. The conditioning worked dramatically. Not only did the patients groom themselves and clean their surroundings, but they also busied themselves at a variety of tasks.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
FEEDBACK: According to Skinner, behavior is controlled and modified by variables that are external to the organism. Skinner suggested that to some extent we can control the external variables that determine our behavior through four self-control techniques: stimulus avoidance, self-administered satiation, aversive stimulation, and self-reinforcement.

[Mr.Thesaxman]

Thank you

[cegalasso]

No problem