Answer to Question 1
open drug market
Answer to Question 2
The foundation of developmental theory can be traced to the work of Sheldon and Eleanor Glueck.
o While at Harvard University in the 1930s, the Gluecks popularized research on the life cycle of delinquent careers.
In a series of longitudinal research studies, they followed the careers of known delinquents to determine the social, biological, and psychological characteristics that predicted persistent offending.
The Gluecks made extensive use of interviews and records in their elaborate comparisons of delinquents and nondelinquents.
The Gluecks' research focused on early onset of delinquency as a harbinger of a delinquent career: The deeper the roots of childhood maladjustment, the smaller the chance of normal adult adjustment.
They also noted the stability of offending careers: Children who are antisocial early in life are the most likely to continue their offending careers into adulthood.
The Gluecks identified a number of personal and social factors related to persistent offendingthe most important was family relations, considered in terms of quality of discipline and emotional ties with parents.
The adolescent raised in a large, single-parent family of limited economic means and educational achievement was the most vulnerable to delinquency.
The Gluecks did not restrict their analysis to social variables; when they measured such biological and psychological traits as body type, intelligence, and personality, they found that physical and mental factors also played a role in determining behavior.
Children with low intelligence, a background of mental disease, and a powerful physique were the most likely to become persistent offenders.
Student views will vary.
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