Answer to Question 1
Community treatment refers to efforts to provide care, protection, and treatment for juveniles in need. Forms of community treatment include probation, treatment services, restitution, and other programs. Institutional treatment facilities are correctional centers operated by the state and county governments. These facilities restrict the movement of residents through staff monitoring, locked exits, and interior fence controls. Community treatment seems to be effective. Some states have found that youths in residential and nonresidential settings have lower recidivism rates than those in secure settings.
Answer to Question 2
Probation is the primary form of community treatment used by the juvenile justice system. Probation consists of rules the juvenile must follow in order to stay in the community. Probation can also consist of required treatments such as group counseling and drug treatment. Probation is used with more than half of juvenile offenders. Probation typically requires youthful offenders to stay law-abiding, attend school, and obey rules set up by the court. If the rules are violated, the courts can revoke the probation, and the offender can be sent to an institution.
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