Answer to Question 1
d
Answer to Question 2
A coenzyme is a small molecule that works with an enzyme to promote the enzyme's activity. With the coenzyme in place, a substance is attracted to the enzyme, and the reaction proceeds instantaneously. Many coenzymes contain B vitamins as part of their structure. The roles these vitamins play as parts of coenzymes are well understood. Active forms of five of the B vitaminsthiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, and biotinparticipate in the release of energy from carbohydrate, fat, and protein. A coenzyme containing vitamin B6 assists enzymes that metabolize amino acids. Folate and vitamin B12 help cells to multiply. Among these cells are the red blood cells and the cells lining the GI tractcells that deliver energy to all the others. The eight B vitamins play many specific roles in helping the enzymes to perform thousands of different molecular conversions in the body. They must be present in every cell continuously for the cells to function as they should. As for vitamin C, its primary role, discussed later, is as an antioxidant.
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