Answer to Question 1
c
Answer to Question 2
Surplus carbohydrate (glucose) is first stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles, but the glycogen-storing cells have a limited capacity. Once glycogen stores are filled, most of the additional carbohydrate is burned for energy, displacing the body's use of fat for energy and allowing body fat to accumulate.
Surplus dietary fat contributes more directly to the body's fat stores. After a meal, fat is routed to the body's adipose tissue, where it is stored until needed for energy. Thus, excess fat from food easily adds to body fat.
Surplus protein may also contribute to body fat. If not needed to build body protein (as in response to physical activity) or to meet energy needs, amino acids will lose their nitrogens and be converted, through intermediates, to triglycerides. These, too, swell the fat cells and add to body weight.