Answer to Question 1
Scientists can extract a piece of genetic information that encodes for a protein that can repel insects. They can place this gene into an expression vector (piece of DNA that produces proteins within a cell) and transfer it into a plant embryo such that the plant incorporates the pesticide protein. This protein can then be found in the leaves of the new plant and can act as a pesticide, which reduces the need for sprayed-on chemical pesticides. See Figure C12-2 for an illustrated explanation of rDNA technology.
Answer to Question 2
d