Answer to Question 1
Over 83.6 million adults have diagnoses related to CVD. Sclerotic blood vessel changes, when fatty deposits become part of tissues that form over injured arterial wall cells, begin by the 30s. These deposits become calcified and blood vessels stiffen. Blood flow is then reduced and the heart has to work harder, leading to higher blood pressure levels. Organ function decreases as well.
Risk factors include dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, lifestyle factors (diet, physical inactivity, and smoking), genetics, and older age. Prevention includes following a cardio-protective diet that emphasizes plant foods, appropriate fats, fish, poultry, legumes, nuts, and low-fat dairy. Lifestyle changes including exercise and non-smoking behaviors should also be instituted.
Answer to Question 2
a