Which of the following is a characteristic of the trace minerals? ...

[rlane42]

Which of the following is a characteristic of the trace minerals?
 
  a. A deficiency sign common to many trace minerals is dermatitis
  b. The amounts in foods are dependent, in part, on soil composition
  c. Deficiencies are more difficult to recognize in children than in adults
  d. The amount of all trace minerals in the average person totals approximately 100 grams
  e. Deficiencies of trace minerals are virtually unknown, although toxicities are well documented.

Question 2

Outline the adverse effects and mechanisms of alcohol intake and of smoking on bone health.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

[ynlevi]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B

Answer to Question 2

Add bone damage to the list of ill consequences associated with smoking. The bones of smokers are less dense than those of nonsmokers even after controlling for differences in age, body weight, and physical activity habits. Fortunately, the damaging effects can be reversed with smoking cessation. Blood indicators of beneficial bone activity are apparent 6 weeks after a person stops smoking. In time, bone density is similar for former smokers and nonsmokers. People who abuse alcohol often suffer from osteoporosis and experience more bone breaks than others. Several factors appear to be involved. Alcohol enhances fluid excretion, leading to excessive calcium losses in the urine; upsets the hormonal balance required for healthy bones; slows bone formation, leading to lower bone density; stimulates bone breakdown; and increases the risk of falling.

[rlane42]

Thank you!

[ynlevi]

Always glad to help...