Answer to Question 1
d
Answer to Question 2
Techniques for holding the attention of listeners involve multiple strategies such as tailoring the lecture to the audience, using attention-getting introductions, being focused and organized, and including humor, anecdotes, comparisons, and statistics where appropriate. When delivering a lecture, use vocal variety by varying pitch and volume, instead of monotone delivery. It is important to show enthusiasm and to speak naturally and clearly. Use engaging language and body behavior, and maintain eye contact with the entire audience. Effective hand and facial expressions can also grasp the attention of the listeners.