Answer to Question 1
The nutrition prescription for burn patients is typically a high-kcalorie, high-protein diet, although overfeeding must be avoided because it can result in hyperglycemia, fatty liver, and infectious complications. Ideally, energy needs should be measured using indirect calorimetry; alternatively, the energy requirement can be estimated. Some clinicians use predictive equations intended for burn patients, which may include factors for burn severity, number of days' post-injury, ventilator use, or other relevant variables. The suggested protein intake is 1.5 to 2.0 grams per kilogram of body weight; supplementation with glutamine and arginine may help to improve recovery. Micronutrient supplements are typically provided and may include high amounts of vitamin A, vitamin C, and zinc, which are thought to support immunity and promote wound healing. Fluid and electrolyte needs must be monitored carefully during the recovery period; the patient's hydration status can be evaluated by monitoring urine output and serum electrolyte levels.
Answer to Question 2
B
Patients of all socioeconomic backgrounds should be given equal care.
Virtual reality exposure therapy
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First-degree burn.
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