Answer to Question 1
Answer: Reverse-scored items are items scored in the opposite direction from the responses. The Cat Person Scale mentioned in the text had questions that were easy to scorehigh numbers mean you like cats. Some questions, though, are asked in the opposite manner and high numbers would then mean you are not a cat person. The scores for those questions need to be reversed.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: Socially desirable responding is the tendency of people to make themselves look better than they actually are. It occurs because people want to appear good to the researcher.
The Scale of Life
Major features of the Solar System (not to scale)
Glasgow Coma Scale
Items that would be difficult to replace bearing legal significance are sent by certified mail.
Patients unable to stand may be weighed using a chair scale.
Production-scale tangential flow filtration system.