This topic contains a solution. Click here to go to the answer

Author Question: Explain Mrs. Smith's diagnosis: Stage IIB Invasive Ductal Carcinoma T2N1miM0 . Specifically discuss ... (Read 27 times)

Arii_bell

  • Hero Member
  • *****
  • Posts: 596
Explain Mrs. Smith's diagnosis: Stage IIB Invasive Ductal Carcinoma T2N1miM0 . Specifically discuss the type of breast cancer and the staging of her diagnosis.
 
  What will be an ideal response?

Question 2

What are the risk factors for developing breast cancer? Explain potential genetic and environmental risk factors. Does Mrs. Smith have any of these in her history?
 
  What will be an ideal response?



Related Topics

Need homework help now?

Ask unlimited questions for free

Ask a Question
Marked as best answer by a Subject Expert

anyusername12131

  • Sr. Member
  • ****
  • Posts: 327
Answer to Question 1

 This means that her breast cancer originated in the mammary ducts and is spreading.
 Stage IIB means that the cancer is either T2, N1, M0 or T3, N0, M0
 The T2 indicates that the primary tumor site is 2-5 cm
 The N1mi indicates that the cancer has spread to 1-3 axillary lymph nodes and are micrometastases (< 2mm)
 M0 indicates that no distant metastasis has been found (via imaging or physical exam)

Answer to Question 2

 Risk factors for breast cancer:
- Female
- Age (increases with age)
- Adult height (increased risk in taller individuals)
- Larger birth weight
- Family history of cancer
- Late menopause
- Early menarche
- Exposure of radiation to chest (for younger females)
- Hormone replacement therapy (progestin > 5 yrs)
- BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene
- Central adiposity in postmenopausal women
 Yes, Mrs. Smith has some risk factors: family history of breast cancer (mom and sister), female, and older age (61 yrs).




Arii_bell

  • Member
  • Posts: 596
Reply 2 on: Aug 21, 2018
Gracias!


milbourne11

  • Member
  • Posts: 322
Reply 3 on: Yesterday
Excellent

 

Did you know?

Oxytocin is recommended only for pregnancies that have a medical reason for inducing labor (such as eclampsia) and is not recommended for elective procedures or for making the birthing process more convenient.

Did you know?

The use of salicylates dates back 2,500 years to Hippocrates’s recommendation of willow bark (from which a salicylate is derived) as an aid to the pains of childbirth. However, overdosage of salicylates can harm body fluids, electrolytes, the CNS, the GI tract, the ears, the lungs, the blood, the liver, and the kidneys and cause coma or death.

Did you know?

Your skin wrinkles if you stay in the bathtub a long time because the outermost layer of skin (which consists of dead keratin) swells when it absorbs water. It is tightly attached to the skin below it, so it compensates for the increased area by wrinkling. This happens to the hands and feet because they have the thickest layer of dead keratin cells.

Did you know?

It is difficult to obtain enough calcium without consuming milk or other dairy foods.

Did you know?

The top five reasons that children stay home from school are as follows: colds, stomach flu (gastroenteritis), ear infection (otitis media), pink eye (conjunctivitis), and sore throat.

For a complete list of videos, visit our video library