Answer to Question 1
Stroke is defined as a disruption of brain function caused by interruption of blood flow to the brain.
Ischemic stroke refers to a reduction in blood flow caused by atherosclerotic or damaged blood vessels that supply blood to the brain. A thrombotic stroke may also result via a plaque breaking off and occluding an already narrowed vessel.
Hemorrhagic stroke results from a weakened blood vessel that ruptures and bleeds into the surrounding brain; blood accumulates and compresses surrounding brain tissue.
Answer to Question 2
CAGE (cheese, animal fats, got it away from home, and eat extra high-fat commercial products) for saturated fats and cholesterol
Rapid Eating Assessment for Patients (REAP)
MEDFICTS assessment for adequacy in comparison to the TLC diet
Answer to Question 3
K, Mg, PO4, and Ca should be added/replaced based upon the diuretic phase of the CRRT and the patients serum levels.
Deficiencies of Se, Cu, thiamin may also occur
It is suggested to provide daily supplementation of 1 mg folate, 10 mg pyridoxine, the age and sex appropriate DRI for vitamin C (prevent oxalosis), 100 g Se, and a daily renal multivitamin for AKI patients receiving CRRT
Vitamin A should probably not be supplemented due to the potential for toxicity
Vitamin D supplementation may be needed if secondary parathyroidism is present due to CKD or levels are low in the critically ill
Vitamin K should be supplemented if the patient is on PN and receiving antibiotic medication
Differences in embryonic development between protostomes and deuterostomes.
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