What piece of equipment was able to facilitate the new fields of ...

[Ebrown]

What piece of equipment was able to facilitate the new fields of stratigraphy and paleoceanography
  with the data it generated?
  a. Clamshell samplers
  b. Deep water cameras
  c. Piston Corers
  d. Seismic profilers

Question 2

Explain how light and sound waves behave in seawater. What kind of effects do they have on
  inhabitants of the ocean? What will be an ideal response?

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: C
The development of the piston corer allowed scientists to take samples from deep waters. The analysis
of these cores led to the science of stratigraphy. Eventually, more information could be collected from
these samples which eventually led to paleoceanography. Information can be found in the section
Scientists Use Sensitive Tools to Study Ocean Sediments.

Answer to Question 2

ANS:Answer
should include:
 Light waves have a profound effect on the ocean. When light waves reach water
molecules, they respond by vibrating. The light's electromagnetic energy is then
converted to heat energy.
 Light energy converted in the surface zone is essential for photosynthetic
organismsthe basis for marine for webs. Shorter wavelengths such as the red visible
light are absorbed first in the ocean while longer wavelengths are able to penetrate
deeper depths. The absorption of different wavelengths at different depths has an effect
on the appearance of organisms.
 Sound waves move by rapid pressure changes. Sound decreases in speed as it travels
through seawater due to scattering, spreading, and absorption. Sound is able to be
converted to heat energy as well, but in much smaller increments than light waves.
Overall, sound waves travel much farther light.
 Some animals use sound to see in the ocean. It is more reliable than light energy
because it can be used at deep depths. Also, there is layer in the ocean in which sound is
very efficient due to refraction that occurs. This is called the sofar layer or minimumvelocity
layer. Animals that use sound as a means of communication would be able to
maximize the distance of their calls with this layer.

[Ebrown]

Thanks for the timely response, appreciate it

[parshano]

Great answer, keep it coming