Acetylcholine (ACh) is synthesized from
a. acetyl coenzyme A, usually found in dietary fats, and choline, a substance formed by the actions of mitochondria within cells.
b. choline from dietary fats and acetyl coenzyme A, both of which are acted on by choline acetyltransferase.
c. the amino acid tyrosine, synthesized from the phenylalanine found in foods.
d. tryptophans, amino acids found in chocolate, milk, and poultry.
Question 2
Given the characteristics of small-molecule transmitters and neuropeptides, we can conclude that small-molecule transmitters
a. are well-suited to roles as neurotransmitters, whereas neuropeptides are well-suited to roles as neuromodulators.
b. are well-suited to roles as neuromodulators, whereas neuropeptides are well-suited to roles as neurotransmitters.
c. and neuropeptides are equally well-suited to be either neurotransmitters or neuromodulators.
d. and neuropeptides frequently act as neuromodulators and neurohormones, but rarely function as neurotransmitters.
Breakdown of pyruvate and the attachment of an acetyl group to CoA
Fats and Phospholipids
Antibodies in myasthenia gravis block the acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction
Action of bile salts in emulsifying fats in the intestine
The Dietary Guidelines for Americans at a Glance
Main Types of Dietary Lipids