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Bacteria have flourished on the earth for over three billion years. They were the first life forms on the planet.
IgA antibodies protect body surfaces exposed to outside foreign substances. IgG antibodies are found in all body fluids. IgM antibodies are the first type of antibody made in response to an infection. IgE antibody levels are often high in people with allergies. IgD antibodies are found in tissues lining the abdomen and chest.
Many medications that are used to treat infertility are injected subcutaneously. This is easy to do using the anterior abdomen as the site of injection but avoiding the area directly around the belly button.
The average human gut is home to perhaps 500 to 1,000 different species of bacteria.
Blood in the urine can be a sign of a kidney stone, glomerulonephritis, or other kidney problems.