Answer to Question 1
d
Answer to Question 2
Materialism: the view that everything that exists is material, or physical. According to one version of this view, eliminative materialism, mental events don't exist at all, and any folk psychology based on minds and mental activity is fundamentally mistaken. However, most of us find it difficult to believe that our minds are figments of our imagination A more plausible version is that we will eventually find a way to explain all psychological experiences in purely physical terms.
Mentalism: the view that only minds really exist and that the physical world could not exist unless some mind were aware of it. The philosopher George Berkeley was the primary defender of this position. It is not easy to test this idea.
Identity position: the view that mental processes and certain kinds of brain processes are the same thing, described in different terms. By analogy, one could describe the Mona Lisa as an extraordinary painting, or one could list the exact color and brightness of each point on the painting. Although the two descriptions appear entirely different, they refer to the same object
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