Lupe is an eighth grader who has just moved to Boston from Nicaragua. Her class is learning about the 13 colonies. Lupe is a good reader in Spanish and knows English well enough to converse with her friends, but she struggles to comprehend the concepts in the social studies text. She is more comfortable reading the science text because the topics were covered in her science class the year before. The main reason for Lupe's difficulty with the social studies is text most likely:
◦ her decoding skills.
◦ her fluency skills.
◦ her background knowledge.
◦ her sight word recognition skills.
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