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The familiar sounds of your heart are made by the heart's valves as they open and close.
The heart is located in the center of the chest, with part of it tipped slightly so that it taps against the left side of the chest.
The average person is easily confused by the terms pharmaceutics and pharmacology, thinking they are one and the same. Whereas pharmaceutics is the science of preparing and dispensing drugs (otherwise known as the science of pharmacy), pharmacology is the study of medications.
In most cases, kidneys can recover from almost complete loss of function, such as in acute kidney (renal) failure.
Autoimmune diseases occur when the immune system destroys its own healthy tissues. When this occurs, white blood cells cannot distinguish between pathogens and normal cells.