Question 1
If a woman receives compliments after wearing Obsession perfume, she is more likely to keep buying the product and wearing it. What type of instrumental conditioning has occurred in the situation?
◦ Negative reinforcement
◦ Symbolic reinforcement
◦ Neutral reinforcement
◦ Positive reinforcement
Question 2
In instrumental conditioning, what is the distinction between negative reinforcement and punishment?
◦ There is no difference. They are two words for the same concept.
◦ Negative reinforcement occurs when a negative outcome is avoided, while punishment occurs when an action causes a negative outcome.
◦ Negative reinforcement can occur when a stimulus is positive, and punishment only occurs when a stimulus is painful.
◦ Negative reinforcement creates a preference for negative results, while punishment teaches people to avoid negative results.
Nonverbal communications convey strong, powerful messages that may be negative or positive.
Reinforcement and Punishment
The Workout (Primary Conditioning Period)
Gram negative N. gonorrhoeae.
Positive and Negative Reinforcement
Punishment