Question 1
If a woman receives compliments after wearing Obsession perfume, she is more likely to keep buying the product and wearing it. What type of instrumental conditioning has occurred in the situation?
◦ Negative reinforcement
◦ Symbolic reinforcement
◦ Neutral reinforcement
◦ Positive reinforcement
Question 2
In instrumental conditioning, what is the distinction between negative reinforcement and punishment?
◦ There is no difference. They are two words for the same concept.
◦ Negative reinforcement occurs when a negative outcome is avoided, while punishment occurs when an action causes a negative outcome.
◦ Negative reinforcement can occur when a stimulus is positive, and punishment only occurs when a stimulus is painful.
◦ Negative reinforcement creates a preference for negative results, while punishment teaches people to avoid negative results.
Negative Feedback Insulin Glucagon
Dopamine and Reinforcement
Classical Conditioning in Advertisements
The bacterial cell wall: (a) gram-positive bacterium; (b) gram-negative bacterium.
A Negative Afterimage
Suppressing Negative Emotions