Answer to Question 1
Depression involves multiple symptomsincluding mood-related, cognitive, physical, and behavioral symptomsthat persist over time and cause impaired functioning. Specific depression symptoms include feeling sad, down, or blue; a loss of enjoyment and the inability to experience pleasure; irritability; negative thinking; pessimism; hopelessness; difficulty in concentration, memory, and decision making; feeling fatigued and without energy; agitation; increase or decrease in sleep; increase or decrease in appetite; and social withdrawal. Bipolar disorder is much rarer than depression and involves not only depression but also mania or hypomania. Individuals cycle between periods of elevated or depressed mood and normal mood. In many ways mania is the opposite of depression. It is a disorder marked by grandiose or irritable mood; increased energy, activity, and distractibility; and excessive engagement in pleasurable behaviors that may lead to painful consequences. Hypomania is a mild version of mania. To determine whether a person should be diagnosed with unipolar or bipolar disorder, the clinician must look beyond the client's present episode and get information about the client's previous history.
Answer to Question 2
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Common Bipolar Disorder Medications
APA Guidelines for Treating Manic and Depressive Episodes in Bipolar Disorder
Atmospheric properties include temperature, pressure, and humidity
Describe the Conceptual Forecasting Framework in your own words.