Current research into neurotransmitter systems has produced the permissive hypothesis, which means that
a. low levels of serotonin are sufficient to explain the etiology of mood disorders.
b. the norepinephrine system regulates serotonin levels; if norepinephrine is low, depression will occur.
c. when serotonin levels are low, other neurotransmitter systems become dysregulated and contribute to mood irregularities.
d. the absolute levels of neurotransmitters are more significant in mood regulation than the overall balance of the various neurotransmitters.
Question 2
In terms of the etiology of mood disorders, research has shown that
a. environmental stress plays a larger role in causing depression in men than in women.
b. genetic factors are more important in the development of depression in men in comparison to the development of depression in women.
c. genetic and environmental factors are equally contributory to mood disorders.
d. there are no sex differences in vulnerability to depression.
Nitrogenous wastes produced by different animal groups.
Living systems such as the human body consist of closely interrelated elements
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The hormone leptin is produced in fat cells, moves through the blood, and binds to receptors in the
Comparison of open and closed circulatory systems.