Question 1
Research by Steven Maier suggests that learned helplessness may be due to a higher-level region of the brain known as the _______, which helps subjects determine what is controllable.
◦ ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC)
◦ amygdala
◦ hippocampus
◦ dorsal raphe nucleus
Question 2
Rhonda had tartar sauce with her fish one night. The next morning she was nauseated and sick for much of the day. The next time she was offered the chance to go out for fish, she felt queasy and declined. Her queasiness at the thought of fish with tartar sauce was probably due to
◦ a conditioned taste aversion.
◦ higher-order conditioning.
◦ stimulus substitution.
◦ stimulus generalization.
Territorial reef fish compete intensely for space.
Fish teeth
A Typical Pattern of Sleep Stages During a Single Night
Fish-shaped Perfume Bottle
fish skeletal